To about three for very good solvents increasing with molecularД¬an be expressed as a function of molecular weight M: The values of О± htypically vary between unity for a Оё-solvent 1,7 If the intrinsic viscosity is measured inД«oth a very dilute Оё-solvent and in a 'good' solvent, the expansion 9 Under Оё-conditionsД¤.2в™±0 24 for rigid spherical particles if is expressed as The equation is known as the Flory-Fox equation. Where О± h = R h / R h,0 is the expansion ofДЄ polymer coil in a good solvent over that of one in Оё-solvent and R h,0 Then the equation can be rewritten in the form Sphere radius is replaced by the hydrodynamic radius of the polymerД¬oil. Shown that the equation is still applicable to dissolved polymers if the hard Polymer particles, Einsteins relation has to be modifed. This and similar expressions for other particle geometries canВ beДЇound in many text books. Then the specific viscosity of a very dilute solution reads The hydrodynamic volume of a particle can be rewritten as follows Hydrodynamic volume of a polymer particle and M its molecular weight. Viscosity can be calculated with Einstein's viscosity relationship: Shear rate is the intrinsic viscosity (also called limiting viscosity number) which is defined asДescribes the increase in viscosity of individual polymer chains.ДЄssuming the polymers are spherical impenetrable particles, the increase in Usually expressed in grams per 100 cmВі or in grams per cmВі.ДЄnother important quantity in very dilute solutions at vanishing That of the solvent and c is the polymer concentration, Where О· is the viscosity of the solution, О· S How much a polymer increases the viscosity ofДЄ solvent will depend on both the nature of the polymer and solvent.Д®ncountered in the field of polymer solution rheology are the relative viscosity, the The increase in viscosity is caused by strong internal frictionД«etween the randomly coiled and swollen macromolecules and the High molecular weight polymers greatly increase the viscosity of

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